Cellulated fascine.



No. s55-,585.

PATENTED JUNE 4, 1907.

D. NEALE. GELLULATED FASGINE.

APPLIUATION FILED APR.,5,1906.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

THE NaRms Ere/Qs co., wAsHlNaroN, D, c.

` lL? i UNTTFD STATES PATNT OFFMF.

CELLULATED FASCINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June 4, 1907.

Application filed April 5, 1906. Serial No. 310.048.

To all whom it may concern.:

Be it known that I, DAVID NEALE, a citizen of the United States, residing near Fort Oalhoun, in the county of i/Vashington andV State of Nebraska7 have invented a new and useful Oellulated Fascine, of which the tollowing is a speciiication.

My invention relates to improvements in cellulated fascines used in the construction of revetments, jetties, moles, dikes, dams and ripraps for controlling streams and protecting harbors, shores and banks and the objects of my improvement are, first, to construct hollow cellulated ascines without a core-log and the oft repeated frame-work attached to said core-log to support the envelop, second, to facilitate the use of hay, straw, weeds, bagasse, corn or cotton-stalks and very iine brush or other such short iibrous materials in the construction of suchfascines; third, to provide means to support the end wall or partitions of large fascines to prevent bursting or collapse and to support the envelop when the fascine is used as an openended mud-chamber; fourth, to provide fascines of very rough, ragged or brushy eXterior, that will better mat together and hold the accumulated detritus between and among themselves, iifth, to provide a cellulated fascine with tight cross-partitions to prevent the accumulated core oi mud from washing out endwise; and sixth, to compress and bind the iascines in a manner that will fasten all the parts evenly, equally and securely. I attain these objects in the manner hereinafter set forth and by the mechanism illustrated by the accompanying drawings, in which Figure l is a side elevation of a cellulated fascine made larger at one end; Fig. 2, is a perspective View of a part of a cellulated fascine with parts cut away to disclose the construction and the inclosed cell l Fig. 3, is a perspective view of a conical cellulatedfascine with its anchor end pointed; Fig. 4, is a sectional and outside view of the large end and end walls of the fascines shown in Figs. l

and 3; and Fig. 5 is a perspective view of the same construction applied to a single cell fascine.

Similar numerals refer to like parts throughout the several views.

These like the hollow fascines heretofore made and used are built on a Jframe or cradle to temporarily support and assist to shape the fascine during the process of construction and like them are compressed by special ma chinery and bound with wire bands 6, 6, etc.,

The principal parts of the structure are the longitudinal layers of brush 3 and 5 in the curved envelop, the cross-portions 2, 2, etc., in the partitions, and the chinking materials 4 and 4 etc.

'I start the structure with the ortion 8,- shown best in Figs. 2 and 4-,-o the longest brush, oints broken and butts and tops reversed, laid continuously throughout the whole length of the fascine. Then at the points where partitions are desired I level up across this concave surface with any short fibrous materials as hay, straw, weeds, ba-

asse, corn or cotton stalks or short brush, to

orm the lower segment-shaped chink 4 of the partitions. The lower cross-portions 2 are then placed, they are made of brush and each may be bound into a bundle or left'as an unbound portion; in either event'half of the butts 2 are brought flush with the outside of the fascine the tops projecting out beyond the curved envelop on the opposite side as shown. Then the intervening edge portions 4 of the envelop are brought up level with the tops of the `First cross-portions 2 by illing in on each side of the fascine with the chink iillers 4, 4, etc., of short ibrous materials. N ow the iirst layers 5 and 5 of the envelop may be placed along each side; these may be of long small brush-bundles arranged with joints broken and butts reversed or laid in of long loose brush interlapped and butts reversed throughout the entire length desired and cross-lapped on the cross portions 2 after which the second portiony or cross-chink 4 is placed in each partition and so on until all the portions 2, 4 and 5 are laid and the upper segments of the partition chinks are placed. Then the top 3Q of longitudinal brush 3, is laid completing the curved envelop and the fascine is ready to be' compressed and bound.

These Jfascines are compressed and bound dierent from the old style in that the binders 6, 6, etc., are placed midway between the partitions or inner envelop-supports,-eX cept the end binders 6 and 6,-wliile the old ones were bound over each supportingv cross-frame. By this disposition of the binders the portions of the envelop between the partitions are sufficiently compressed to retain the chinking 4; while the bent envelop of stiff brush is so drawn by the binders at opposite sides of each partition as to equally compress this greater combined bulk of material in the partition and envelop lying midway between the binders.

Vilhcn a smooth exterior is required as in revetments and the top finish of dikes or dams or in long fascines that must be rolled into position, the projecting top ends of the brush in the cross-portions 2 are trimmed off flush with the outside as shown in Fig. l. But in many instances a ragged brushy exterior is advantageous z-for instance, in the lower Work of jetties, dikes, dams and other deep fillings; and the smaller fascines when a variation of sizes is resorted to; or to mix with the drift-wood of an induced jam to form a wing dam or jetty. exterior is left ragged by the projecting tops of the cross-portions of brush as illustrated in Figs. 3 and 5.

Fig. 3 illustrates the manner of bringing the anchor-end of the fascine to a sharp point. This facilitates holding placing and controlling 'the fascine Where the current is very swift: the point of attachment farther ahead giving greater purchase, the pointed end offering less resistance to the current than a blunt end and less liable to be caught and torn away by passing drift,--a danger greatest before the fascine is securely anchored.

Fig. 5 illustrates the kind of construction above set forth, applied to a single cell fascine. The finishing portion 3 to close the cell is omitted in the view, to disclose the cell l and show the construction. The parts 3 and 3 are cross-lapped diagonally across the cell7 as shown by the starting portion 3 below. The cross-lapped portions or sides 2, 2, etc., are all about equal in length, of loose brush or bundles, and with these and the chink fillers 4 the walls are built up to any desired height; the Whole is then capped by the portion 3 and cross-bound by two binders 6 and 6, to which the cable 10 is attached, all as shown. This arrangement gives the maximum of ragged exterior, especially in small fascines built with very long brush; hence, they often form a very important adjunct to riprapping materials. Lilie all cellular fascines these may have weighting :materials placed in the cells when the conditions require it.

In the economy of materials and to attain the magnitude required in some work, the fascines are built very large. ln such cases the construction shown in Figs. 1 3 and 4, and indicated by the broken lines in Fig. 2, is resorted to. lt consists of a rectangular frame of timbers or poles 11, having their ends pointed as shown to penetrate the envelop and the diagonal crossbraces l2, with their ends projecting through In such cases the the envelop all bolted and wire-lashedgtogether at the angles 15, 15, etc. While this frame-work is more particularly for the ends, it may be used for the intermediate partitions; this is especially necessary where the end cell is left open. as an open ended mudchamber. (See my Patent No. 716,572.) The cross-portions 2, 2, etc., are bound to the timbers or 'poles 11 and l2 by the wire lashings 14, 14, etc. For an open-ended fascine the chinlrs are omitted from between the cross-portions 2, 2, etc., or the cross-portions may be omitted and the quarter segments 3 of the envelop supported by a segment of short fibrous materials 4 disposed against the sides 11 of the square frame.

The ends of the cross-bars 12 are made pointed as indicated by the broken lines 13 in Figs. l and 4, to facilitate placing the envelop of brush 5 they extend through and the points 13 are sawed off after the binder- 6 is placed; but left projecting enough to bear against said binder as shown, to assist in fastening the fascine end. ln some instances it is necessary to leave these projecting oints 13 to catch into other fascines or wor i. ln'starting new work it is often advantageous to place additional pointed projecting cross-bars throughout the length of the fascine pointing out at one side and that side weighted in the cells so that these points 13 will engage the bed of the stream and assist to secure the fascine. The manner of attaching the anchor cable 10 to these fascines is set forth and claimed in my ap Y lication for a patentz-Anchor revetnient, `erial Number 303,208.

I claim:

1. A hollow fascine having an. envelop consisting .of longitudinally ranged brush disposed in layers crosswise through the envelop and lengthwise to the fascine and alternated with layers of short fibrous materials as hay, straw, weeds, bagasse, corn or cotton stalks or short brush.

IOO

IOS

IIO

2. A celled fascine consisting of an envelop having sides and ends of layers of long brush or long bundles of fibrous materials cross-lapped at the corners, the chinlrs filled with short fibrous materials, and an encomp assing binder intermediate its ends. f

3. A celled fascine having an envelop consisting of layers of long brush cross-lapped at the corners of the cell and the chinks filled with layers of short fibrous materials.

4. A celled fascine having walls of long brush interlapped at the angles the top ends of the brush free, projecting beyond said angles, and the body of the fascine crossbound by encompassing binders..

5. A celled fascine having walls of layers of long brush cross-lapped at the angles, the chinls filled with layers of short fibrous materials, overlapping layers of brush to close the cell, and encompassing cross-binders.

6. A cellulated fascine consisting of an envelop of longitudinally ranged brush, crosspartitions or ends of brush cross-lapped With the brush of the envelop, and binders around said envelop.

7 A cellulated fascine consisting of an envelop of longitudinally ranged brush, the interior divided by cross-partitions7 and annular binders around the envelop intermediate said partitions.

8. A cellulated fascine having an envelop of longitudinallyT ranged layers of brush, cross-partitions oi' brush in layers crosslapped with the layers oi' said envelop7 and annular binders intermediate said partitions,

9. A cellulated fascine having cross-partitions Within an envelop of longitudinally ranged layers or bundles of brush alternated With layers of short fibrous materials as hay7 straw, Weeds7 bagasse, corn or cotton stalks or short brush7 and annular binders.

10. A eellulated fascine having an envelop of layers of brush, ends or cross-partitions of layers of brush cross-lapped with the envelop layers, the chinls between said layers iilled with short iibrous materials7 and annular binders disposed at the spaces intermediate said ends and artitions.

11. A cellulated tascine consisting of an envelop of layers of brush7 cross-partitions of layers of brush cross-lapped With the envelop layers to project outward beyond said envelop, and annular binders.

12. A partition or end-Wall for cellulated fascines consisting of brush laid across and interlapped with the brush of the envelop, and a Jframe of timbers or poles fastened against the side of said partition or end-Wall by Wires interlaced through its component brush.

13. A partition or end Wall for cellulated fascines consisting of cross-layers of brush cross-lapped With the longitudinal layers of the envelop, a frame of timbers or poles cross-lapped at the angles the ends disposed in said envelop and the partition layers bound to said timbers.

14. A reinforcing Jframe for the ends and partitions of cellulated fascines consisting of a rectangular frame With diagonal braces to project beyond the angles of the frame and through the envelop of the fascine.

15. An envelop support for coreless hollow fascines consisting of a diagonally braced rectangular frame of bars their ends projecting beyond the angles of the frame to engage the envelop and segments of iibrous material interposed between the sides of the rectangular frame and the adjacent segment of the envelop.

16. A fascine having radial bars With pointed ends projecting beyond the periphery of the fascine to engage other adjacent fascines and the bank or bed of the stream to anchor said fascines thereto and together.

17. A fascine having an end consisting of fibrous material shaped and bound to form a compact conically pointed end independent of any core and having an anchor cable attached to draw from the apex of said conical point.

DAVID NEALE.

Witnesses:

v F. H. GLARIDGE, JOHN A. FARNBERG. 

